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Research archive

The Snell Memorial Foundation has been actively conducting and supporting research to understand the nature and severity of head and brain injury and to increase head impact protection in such activities as bicycling, motorcycling, racing and other non-motorized recreational activities. Basic studies of injury mechanism and protection, as well as field research related to injury severity and causation have been undertaken.

Research support is world-wide, extending from bicyclist injuries in China, to basic modeling and design of an improved anthropomorphic dummy head and neck conducted in the Netherlands, and Germany. Other studies by United States universities, medical and injury prevention centers, and private research organizations have involved basic research in biomechanics and head injury epidemiology, 3-D child head anthropometry, helmet fit research, and seat belt restraining design effects on the body.

In progress are long term studies of the sequelae of head injury in young bicyclists, evaluation of helmet materials, and basic head and brain biomechanics and injury mechanisms. In-house studies are also part of this over all program. The following is a list of research projects completed or in progress.

  • Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A 3-D DATABASE OF HEAD AND FACIAL ANTHROPOMETRY FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH
    Principal Investigator: Bruce Bradtmiller, Ph.D.
    Organization: Anthropology Research Project, Inc. Yellow Spring, Ohio
    Date: July 1992 - February 1995
  • Title: HEAD IMPACT ATTENUATION CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN SURROGATES
    Principal Investigator: Anthony Sances, Jr, Ph.D.
    Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    Date: January 1993 - April 1995
  • Title: OMNI-DIRECTIONAL NECK DEVELOPMENT
    Principal Investigator: Jac Wismans, Ph.D.
    Organization: TNO Road-Vehicles Research Institute, The Netherlands
    Date: April 1993 - October 1995
  • Title: INJURY TO BICYCLISTS AND MOTOR SCOOTER RIDERS IN WUHAN. THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
    Principal Investigator: Prof. Susan Baker
    Organization: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
    Date: October 1993 - September 1994
  • Tile: HEAD INJURIES IN BICYCLING AND INFORMAL RECREATION
    Principal Investigator: Prof. Susan Baker
    Organization: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
    Date: April 1993 -July 1994
  • Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A FIT MODEL AND ANTHROPOMORPHIC FIT TEST PROCEDURES
    Principal Investigator: Bruce Bradtmiller, Ph.D.
    Organization: Anthropology Research Project, Inc. Yellow Spring, Ohio
    Date: May 1994 - December 1995
  • Title: A STUDY OF LOAD LIMITING LOOPS AND ASYMMETRICAL LAP BELT LOADING AND THEIR EFFECT ON AUTOMOBILE OCCUPANTS
    Principal Investigator: William H. Muzzy, III
    Organization: ARCCA, Inc., Richboro, Pennsylvania
    Date: August 1994 - March 1996
  • Title: HELMET MATERIALS EVALUATION  (Not Completed  3/3/2000)
    Principal Investigator: Rita Boggs, Ph.D.
    Organization: American Research and Testing, Inc., Gardena, California
    Date: October 1994- October 1996
  • Title: DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL DATA OF THE HEAD II. MASS, CENTER OF GRAVITY AND MOMENTS OF INERTIA HUMAN HEAD-NECK ASSEMBLIES
    Principal Investigator: Dr. rer. nat. G. Beier
    Organization: Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Munich, Germany
    Date: May 1995 - May 1996
  • Title: THE CIRCUMSTANCES AND SEVERITY OF BICYCLE INJURIES
    Principal Investigator: Frederick P. Rivara, M.D., M.P.H., Diane Thompson, M.S., Robert S. Thompson, M.D.
    Organization: Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
    Date: April 1992 - March 1996
  • Title: SEQUELAE OF HEAD INJURY IN YOUNG BICYCLISTS - PHASE I
    Principal Investigator: Prof. Susan Raker
    Organization: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
    Date: April 1995 -June 1997